NCBI Summary
The galectins are a family of beta-galactoside-binding proteins implicated in modulating cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. The protein encoded by this gene is an S-type lectin. It is overexpressed in Hodgkin's disease tissue and might participate in the interaction between the H&RS cells with their surrounding cells and might thus play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease and/or its associated immunodeficiency. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
Protein
Protein (NP_033665)
Galectin 9
Galectin-9 (Gal-9) (Ecalectin) (Tumor antigen HOM-HD-21)
LGALS9
galectin 9
Undefined
Curated
Galectin
S-Type Lectins - Tandem repeat
b-sandwich / ConA-like
Gal / Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc / poly LacNAc
NP_033665
3965
O00182
ENSP00000378856.2
O00182
0.497
10.1093/glycob/cwn121
neXtProt, PFAM, InterPro, CFG data
Protein sequence and protein families (fasta) (355 amino acids) Download
MAFSGSQAPYLSPAVPFSGTIQGGLQDGLQITVNGTVLSSSGTRFAVNFQTGFSGNDIAFHFNPRFEDGGYVVCNTRQNGSWGPEERKTHMPFQKGMPFDLCFLVQSSDFKVMVNGILFVQYFHRVPFHRVDTISVNGSVQLSYISFQNPRTVPVQPAFSTVPFSQPVCFPPRPRGRRQKPPGVWPANPAPITQTVIHTVQSAPGQMFSTPAIPPMMYPHPAYPMPFITTILGGLYPSKSILLSGTVLPSAQRFHINLCSGNHIAFHLNPRFDENAVVRNTQIDNSWGSEERSLPRKMPFVRGQSFSVWILCEAHCLKVAVDGQHLFEYYHRLRNLPTINRLEVGGDIQLTHVQT
Mol* PDB structure viewerUniLectin3D
Structural models
AlphaFold v2: AF-O00182-F1Download
  Model Confidence:
  •    Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  •    Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  •    Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  •    Very low (pLDDT < 50)

  AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

AlphaFold_v2 structural model assessment through SWISS-MODEL tools.

Ligand
Glycan ligands from structural data
bGal14Glc
Gal(b1-4)Glc
2EAK, 3LSE, 3WLU
2EAK, 3LSE, 3WLU
GlyConnect Structures
bGal14GlcNAc13bGal14GlcNAc13bGal14GlcNAc
Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNA(c1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc
2ZHM, 2ZHN
2ZHM, 2ZHN
GlyConnect Structures
aGalNAc13bGalNAc13Gal
GalNAc(a1-3)GalNAc(b1-3)Gal
2EAL
2EAL
GlyConnect Structures
bGal14bGlcNAc12Man
Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man
3NV3
3NV3
GlyConnect Structures
bGal14GlcNAc13bGal14GlcNAc
Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc
2ZHK, 2ZHL
2ZHK, 2ZHL
GlyConnect Structures
LacNAc, bGal14GlcNAc
Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc
2YY1, 3NV2
2YY1, 3NV2
GlyConnect Structures
aNeuAc23bGal14Glc
NeuAc(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)Glc
3NV4
3NV4
GlyConnect Structures
Expression
Human Protein Atlas
GeneCards
mRNA expression in normal human tissues for LGALS9 Gene
ProteomicsDB
References
NCBI References (10 PubMed Identifiers)
  • Activated Galectin-9/Tim3 promotes Treg and suppresses Th1 effector function in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. [34137463]
  • High Levels of the Cleaved Form of Galectin-9 and Osteopontin in the Plasma Are Associated with Inflammatory Markers That Reflect the Severity of COVID-19 Pneumonia. [34067072]
  • The Role of Galectin-9 as Mediator of Atopic Dermatitis: Effect on Keratinocytes. [33923930]
  • Immunomodulator Galectin-9 is Increased in Blood and Skin of Patients with Bullous Pemphigoid. [33606034]
  • THE ROLE OF GALECTIN-9 IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS C AND ITS CONNECTION WITH THE TYPE OF THERAPY, THE DEGREE OF FIBROSIS, CLINICAL, LABORATORY, AUTOIMMUNE AND INTEGRATIVE INDICATORS. [34090287]
  • Interferon-gamma stimulates the expression of galectin-9 in cultured human endothelial cells. [12223516]
  • Possible role of galectin-9 in cell aggregation and apoptosis of human melanoma cell lines and its clinical significance. [12115481]
  • Biological activities of ecalectin: a novel eosinophil-activating factor. [11823532]
  • Human ecalectin, a variant of human galectin-9, is a novel eosinophil chemoattractant produced by T lymphocytes. [9642261]
  • Molecular definition of a novel human galectin which is immunogenic in patients with Hodgkin's disease. [9045665]
UniProt Main References (17 PubMed Identifiers)
  • DNA sequence of human chromosome 17 and analysis of rearrangement in the human lineage. [16625196]
  • The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). [15489334]
  • Galectin-9 induces maturation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. [16116184]
  • The Tim-3 ligand galectin-9 negatively regulates T helper type 1 immunity. [16286920]
  • A crucial role for Kupffer cell-derived galectin-9 in regulation of T cell immunity in hepatitis C infection. [20209097]
  • Galectin-9 binding to cell surface protein disulfide isomerase regulates the redox environment to enhance T-cell migration and HIV entry. [21670307]
  • Profiling Lgals9 splice variant expression at the fetal-maternal interface: implications in normal and pathological human pregnancy. [23242525]
  • Proinflammatory stimuli induce galectin-9 in human mesenchymal stromal cells to suppress T-cell proliferation. [23817958]
  • Galectin-9 functionally impairs natural killer cells in humans and mice. [23408620]
  • Galectin-9 is rapidly released during acute HIV-1 infection and remains sustained at high levels despite viral suppression even in elite controllers. [24786365]
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All isoforms of this gene containing a lectin domain
XP_006721955.1, NP_002299.2, XP_016880112.1, NP_033665.1, XP_006721958.1, NP_001317092.1, XP_006721956.1, XP_011523098.1
RNA
RNA (Transcript ID: NM_009587.3)
NM_009587.3
galectin 9, transcript variant 1
All isoforms of LGALS9 containing a lectin domain
ENST00000395473.7
79..1146 (or 27631266.. 27648982)
27631188.. 27649560
NCBI Matured mRNA sequence 1724 NTPDownload 
m7G-5')ppp(5'-CUUUGUUAAGUCGUUCCCUCUACAAAGGACUUCCUAGUGGGUGUGAAAGGCAGCGGUGGCCACAGAGGCGGCGGAGAGAUGGCCUUCAGCGGUUCCCAGGCUCCCUACCUGAGUCCAGCUGUCCCCUUUUCUGGGACUAUUCAAGGAGGUCUCCAGGACGGACUUCAGAUCACUGUCAAUGGGACCGUUCUCAGCUCCAGUGGAACCAGGUUUGCUGUGAACUUUCAGACUGGCUUCAGUGGAAAUGACAUUGCCUUCCACUUCAACCCUCGGUUUGAAGAUGGAGGGUACGUGGUGUGCAACACGAGGCAGAACGGAAGCUGGGGGCCCGAGGAGAGGAAGACACACAUGCCUUUCCAGAAGGGGAUGCCCUUUGACCUCUGCUUCCUGGUGCAGAGCUCAGAUUUCAAGGUGAUGGUGAACGGGAUCCUCUUCGUGCAGUACUUCCACCGCGUGCCCUUCCACCGUGUGGACACCAUCUCCGUCAAUGGCUCUGUGCAGCUGUCCUACAUCAGCUUCCAGAACCCCCGCACAGUCCCUGUUCAGCCUGCCUUCUCCACGGUGCCGUUCUCCCAGCCUGUCUGUUUCCCACCCAGGCCCAGGGGGCGCAGACAAAAACCUCCCGGCGUGUGGCCUGCCAACCCGGCUCCCAUUACCCAGACAGUCAUCCACACAGUGCAGAGCGCCCCUGGACAGAUGUUCUCUACUCCCGCCAUCCCACCUAUGAUGUACCCCCACCCCGCCUAUCCGAUGCCUUUCAUCACCACCAUUCUGGGAGGGCUGUACCCAUCCAAGUCCAUCCUCCUGUCAGGCACUGUCCUGCCCAGUGCUCAGAGGUUCCACAUCAACCUGUGCUCUGGGAACCACAUCGCCUUCCACCUGAACCCCCGUUUUGAUGAGAAUGCUGUGGUCCGCAACACCCAGAUCGACAACUCCUGGGGGUCUGAGGAGCGAAGUCUGCCCCGAAAAAUGCCCUUCGUCCGUGGCCAGAGCUUCUCAGUGUGGAUCUUGUGUGAAGCUCACUGCCUCAAGGUGGCCGUGGAUGGUCAGCACCUGUUUGAAUACUACCAUCGCCUGAGGAACCUGCCCACCAUCAACAGACUGGAAGUGGGGGGCGACAUCCAGCUGACCCAUGUGCAGACAUAGGCGGCUUCCUGGCCCUGGGGCCGGGGGCUGGGGUGUGGGGCAGUCUGGGUCCUCUCAUCAUCCCCACUUCCCAGGCCCAGCCUUUCCAACCCUGCCUGGGAUCUGGGCUUUAAUGCAGAGGCCAUGUCCUUGUCUGGUCCUGCUUCUGGCUACAGCCACCCUGGAACGGAGAAGGCAGCUGACGGGGAUUGCCUUCCUCAGCCGCAGCAGCACCUGGGGCUCCAGCUGCUGGAAUCCUACCAUCCCAGGAGGCAGGCACAGCCAGGGAGAGGGGAGGAGUGGGCAGUGAAGAUGAAGCCCCAUGCUCAGUCCCCUCCCAUCCCCCACGCAGCUCCACCCCAGUCCCAAGCCACCAGCUGUCUGCUCCUGGUGGGAGGUGGCCUCCUCAGCCCCUCCUCUCUGACCUUUAACCUCACUCUCACCUUGCACCGUGCACCAACCCUUCACCCCUCCUGGAAAGCAGGCCUGAUGGCUUCCCACUGGCCUCCACCACCUGACCAGAGUGUUCUCUUCAGAGGACUGGCUCCUUUCCCAGUGUCCUUAAAAUAAAGAAAUGAAAAUGCUUGUUGGCACAUUCA-3'- Poly-A tail
  • Coding region
NCBI Matured mRNA sequence viewer
;
More about the NCBI sViewer.
DNA
DNA (Gene ID: 3965)
LGALS9
galectin 9
NC_000017.11
17  27631266.. 27648982
27631266.. 27648982
strand +
CCDS11222.1
MGI:109496
ClinVar, dbVar
ENSG00000168961
LGALS9A
uc002gzp.4
INSDC: AB006782
6570
601879
OTTHUMG00000179831
ENA, DDBJ, Monarch
NCBI CDS Gene viewer
More about the NCBI sViewer.
NCBI CDS gene sequence (1068 bp)
5'-ATGGCCTTCAGCGGTTCCCAGGCTCCCTACCTGAGTCCAGCTGTCCCCTTTTCTGGGACTATTCAAGGAGGTCTCCAGGACGGACTTCAGATCACTGTCAATGGGACCGTTCTCAGCTCCAGTGGAACCAGGTTTGCTGTGAACTTTCAGACTGGCTTCAGTGGAAATGACATTGCCTTCCACTTCAACCCTCGGTTTGAAGATGGAGGGTACGTGGTGTGCAACACGAGGCAGAACGGAAGCTGGGGGCCCGAGGAGAGGAAGACACACATGCCTTTCCAGAAGGGGATGCCCTTTGACCTCTGCTTCCTGGTGCAGAGCTCAGATTTCAAGGTGATGGTGAACGGGATCCTCTTCGTGCAGTACTTCCACCGCGTGCCCTTCCACCGTGTGGACACCATCTCCGTCAATGGCTCTGTGCAGCTGTCCTACATCAGCTTCCAGAACCCCCGCACAGTCCCTGTTCAGCCTGCCTTCTCCACGGTGCCGTTCTCCCAGCCTGTCTGTTTCCCACCCAGGCCCAGGGGGCGCAGACAAAAACCTCCCGGCGTGTGGCCTGCCAACCCGGCTCCCATTACCCAGACAGTCATCCACACAGTGCAGAGCGCCCCTGGACAGATGTTCTCTACTCCCGCCATCCCACCTATGATGTACCCCCACCCCGCCTATCCGATGCCTTTCATCACCACCATTCTGGGAGGGCTGTACCCATCCAAGTCCATCCTCCTGTCAGGCACTGTCCTGCCCAGTGCTCAGAGGTTCCACATCAACCTGTGCTCTGGGAACCACATCGCCTTCCACCTGAACCCCCGTTTTGATGAGAATGCTGTGGTCCGCAACACCCAGATCGACAACTCCTGGGGGTCTGAGGAGCGAAGTCTGCCCCGAAAAATGCCCTTCGTCCGTGGCCAGAGCTTCTCAGTGTGGATCTTGTGTGAAGCTCACTGCCTCAAGGTGGCCGTGGATGGTCAGCACCTGTTTGAATACTACCATCGCCTGAGGAACCTGCCCACCATCAACAGACTGGAAGTGGGGGGCGACATCCAGCTGACCCATGTGCAGACATAG-3'
NCBI CDS gene sequence with introns (location: 27631266.. 27648982) (17717 bp)Download
NCBI Gene Viewer (CDS + introns)
NCBI CDS gene sequence with introns, 5'UTR and 3'UTR (location: 27631188.. 27649560) (18373 bp)Download
NCBI Gene Viewer (CDS + introns + Untranslated regions)
NCBI gene sequence (location: [27631188 - 1000].. 27649560) (19373 bp)Download
NCBI Gene Viewer (CDS + introns + Untranslated regions + 1000 dNTP to potentially reach the promotor)
How to cite: Schnider B., M'Rad Y., el Ahmadie J., de Brevern AG., Imberty A., Lisacek F., HumanLectome, an update of UniLectin for the annotation and prediction of human lectins, Nucleic Acids Reasearch doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkad905